A review on prevention and treatment of post-orthodontic white spot lesions–evidence-based methods and emerging technologies

The recent clinical trials on WSL prevention provided the strongest support for regular topical applications of fluoride varnish around the bracket base during treatment with fixed appliances. For the treatment of post-orthodontic WSL, a remineralizing cream with casein phosphopeptide-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate as adjunct to fluoride toothpaste seemed to be beneficial with some mineral and aesthetic improvements. Conflicting results were however reported and along with emerging technologies such as sugar alcohols, antibacterial peptides and probiotics, further high-quality clinical trials with standardized regimes and endpoints are needed.